Israel's Long History Of Assassination Attempts In Lebanon

Beirut, Lebanon Israel
Israel has targeted Palestinian leaders in Lebanon for decades, a stronghold of Hezbollah, an ally of Hamas.
On January 2, a drone strike in Beirut's southern suburbs left Saleh al-Arouri dead. Six others including high-ranking Hamas military commanders Samir Findi and Azzam al-Aqraa were also assassinated.
Israel's Long History Of Assassination Attempts In Lebanon

On January 2, a drone strike in Beirut's southern suburbs left Saleh al-Arouri dead. Six others including high-ranking Hamas military commanders Samir Findi and Azzam al-Aqraa were also assassinated. The attack was carried out by Israel, which has not taken responsibility for the killings but is considered highly likely to have ordered them.

For decades, Israel has targeted Palestinian leaders in Lebanon, a stronghold of Hamas ally Hezbollah. Ghassan Kanafani was one of Israel's first targets in Lebanon and was assassinated on July 8, 1972. Bassam Abu Sharif also became spokesperson for PFLP after Kanafani's murder but survived an attempt to kill him with a parcel bomb in Beirut on July 25, 1972.

Israel tried to assassinate Yasser Arafat on October 1, 1973 during a meeting in Beirut. Plans were made for years and several attempts were launched between June and August 1982 but none succeeded.

On January 22, Mossad agents executed an elaborate plot to assassinate Ali Hassan Salameh, a top PLO member believed to be the architect of the Munich kidnappings. Spies had enrolled at his gym and rented an apartment close to his home.

Israel raided Palestinian bases in southern Lebanon targeting Ahmad Jibril on December 9, 1988 but commandos were met with heavy resistance from Palestinian fighters. Mahmoud al-Majzoub was assassinated on May 25, 2006 in the city of Sidon and Israel denied responsibility for the attack but both Islamic Jihad and Hezbollah held Tel Aviv responsible.

The killing of Saleh al-Arouri is a significant escalation in Israel's war effort against Hamas. It comes as Israeli troops begin to withdraw from Gaza after three months of full-scale military invasion leveling much of the Strip and killing more than 22,000 people.

The assassination has been widely condemned by international leaders including U.S President Biden who described it as a violation of Lebanese sovereignty.



Confidence

100%

No Doubts Found At Time Of Publication

Sources

82%

  • Unique Points
    • Saleh al-Arouri was killed in a targeted attack by Israel on Tuesday night in the heart of Hezbollah's Beirut stronghold.
    • Israel has carried out an assassination within Lebanon
    • Al-Arouri had been living in exile in Lebanon since 2015
    • For decades, Israel has targeted Palestinian leaders in Lebanon, a stronghold of Hamas ally Hezbollah
    • Ghassan Kanafani was one of Israel's first targets in Lebanon and was assassinated on July 8, 1972. A grenade had been connected to the ignition switch of his car which exploded when he started it
    • Bassam Abu Sharif, who became spokesperson for PFLP after Kanafani's murder, was also targeted with a parcel bomb in Beirut on July 25, 1972. Abu Sharif survived the attempt but suffered severe injuries £ he partially lost his sight and hearing as well as four fingers
    • On September 5, 1972 members of Black September kidnapped Israeli athletes at the Summer Olympics in Munich. Israel launched an assassination campaign called Operation Spring of Youth to target the masterminds of the kidnapping
    • Israel tried to assassinate Yasser Arafat on October 1, 1973 during a meeting in Beirut but bombs dropped on his building failed to detonate. Plans were made for years and several attempts were launched between June and August 1982 but none succeeded
    • On January 22, 1979 Mossad agents executed an elaborate plot to assassinate Ali Hassan Salameh, a top PLO member believed to be the architect of the Munich kidnappings. Spies had enrolled at his gym and rented an apartment close to his home
    • On December 9, 1988 Israel raided Palestinian bases in southern Lebanon targeting Ahmad Jibril but commandos were met with heavy resistance from Palestinian fighters
    • Mahmoud al-Majzoub was assassinated on May 25, 2006 in the city of Sidon. A car bomb attached to his door exploded when he opened it and Israel denied responsibility for the attack but both Islamic Jihad and Hezbollah held Tel Aviv responsible
    • On January 2, a drone strike in Beirut's southern suburbs left Saleh al-Arouri dead. Six others including high-ranking Hamas military commanders Samir Findi and Azzam al-Aqraa were also assassinated.
  • Accuracy
    No Contradictions at Time Of Publication
  • Deception (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Fallacies (85%)
    The article contains an informal fallacy known as 'appeals to authority'. The author cites the opinions of various people without providing any evidence or reasoning for their claims. For example, the author quotes a commentator on Hezbollah's Al-Manar TV station who criticizes Khaled Mashal's calls for Hezbollah to open up a front on Israel, but does not provide any context or explanation of why this person holds such an opinion.
    • The author quotes a commentator on Hezbollah's Al-Manar TV station who criticizes Khaled Mashal's calls for Hezbollah to open up a front on Israel, but does not provide any context or explanation of why this person holds such an opinion.
    • The author cites the opinions of various people without providing any evidence or reasoning for their claims.
  • Bias (85%)
    The article discusses the Arouri strike and how it has put pressure on Nasrallah to respond. The author mentions that there are countervailing forces keeping Hezbollah's reaction in check, including threats from Israel and domestic opposition. However, the author also notes that Hamas is a key ally of Iran and its actions have consequences for both countries.
    • Hamas deputy leader Saleh al-Arouri at his desk in Beirut with an M16 rifle laid in front of him
      • Hamas leapfrogged to the top of the list with its deadly attack on Israel
        • If it is to be accepted as the defender of all Lebanon, Hezbollah certainly can't be seen as picking fights with Israel that lead to widespread destruction in the country.
          • The Arouri strike was certainly outside the pattern of air and artillery strikes that Israel has been conducting in recent weeks against Hezbollah positions south of the Litani. It took place in the Hezbollah-controlled Dahiya neighborhood, targeting the Hamas leader closest to Nasrallah.
          • Site Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
            The article discusses the potential for conflict between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon. The author has a clear bias towards avoiding war with Israel.
            • Author Conflicts Of Interest (0%)
              None Found At Time Of Publication

            64%

            • Unique Points
              • Saleh al-Arouri was killed in an explosion outside Beirut on October 29th.
              • Hamas deputy leader Saleh al-Arouri was killed in a targeted attack by Israel on Tuesday night in the heart of Hezbollah's Beirut stronghold.
            • Accuracy
              • Israel has carried out an assassination within Lebanon
              • Saleh al-Arouri was killed in a targeted attack by Israel on Tuesday night in the heart of Hezbollah's Beirut stronghold.
              • Al-Arouri had been living in exile in Lebanon since 2015
              • For decades, Israel has targeted Palestinian leaders in Lebanon, a stronghold of Hamas ally Hezbollah
              • Ghassan Kanafani was one of Israel's first targets in Lebanon and was assassinated on July 8, 1972. A grenade had been connected to the ignition switch of his car which exploded when he started it.
              • Bassam Abu Sharif, who became spokesperson for PFLP after Kanafani's murder, was also targeted with a parcel bomb in Beirut on July 25, 1972. Abu Sharif survived the attempt but suffered severe injuries £ he partially lost his sight and hearing as well as four fingers
              • On September 5, 1972 members of Black September kidnapped Israeli athletes at the Summer Olympics in Munich. Israel launched an assassination campaign called Operation Spring of Youth to target the masterminds of the kidnapping
              • Israel tried to assassinate Yasser Arafat on October 1, 1973 during a meeting in Beirut but bombs dropped on his building failed to detonate. Plans were made for years and several attempts were launched between June and August 1982 but none succeeded
              • On January 22, 1979 Mossad agents executed an elaborate plot to assassinate Ali Hassan Salameh, a top PLO member believed to be the architect of the Munich kidnappings. Spies had enrolled at his gym and rented an apartment close to his home
              • On December 9, 1988 Israel raided Palestinian bases in southern Lebanon targeting Ahmad Jibril but commandos were met with heavy resistance from Palestinian fighters
              • Mahmoud al-Majzoub was assassinated on May 25, 2006 in the city of Sidon. A car bomb attached to his door exploded when he opened it and Israel denied responsibility for the attack but both Islamic Jihad and Hezbollah held Tel Aviv responsible
              • On January 2, a drone strike in Beirut's southern suburbs left Saleh al-Arouri dead. Six others including high-ranking Hamas military commanders Samir Findi and Azzam al-Aqraa were also assassinated.
              • Israel has begun to draw down troops from Gaza for the first time after three months of full-scale military invasion leveling much of Strip and killing more than 22,000 people in pursuit of militants who planned and carried out an Oct. 7 attack on Israel.
            • Deception (30%)
              The article is deceptive in several ways. Firstly, it presents the assassination of Saleh al-Arouri as a positive step towards destroying Hamas when in reality it may disrupt negotiations for hostage release and lead to a wider war. Secondly, the article quotes Danny Danon saying that all those involved in the October massacre should be punished which implies that Israel is responsible for the attack on Gaza Strip which contradicts official statements from Lebanon, United States and Hamas. Thirdly, it presents Bezalel Smotrich's statement as a positive one when in reality he is calling for Palestinians to be removed from Gaza strip. Lastly, the article quotes Ehud Olmert questioning the timing of the assassination which implies that Israel was not responsible for it but official statements from Lebanon and United States contradict this.
              • Bezalel Smotrich's statement 'So shall your enemies perish, Israel,' when quoted as a positive one in the article actually calls for Palestinians to be removed from Gaza strip which is not mentioned anywhere else in the article.
              • Danny Danon, a member of Parliament from Likud party, said that all those involved in the October massacre should be punished which implies that Israel is responsible for the attack on Gaza Strip. However official statements from Lebanon and United States contradict this.
              • The article presents Saleh al-Arouri's death as a positive step towards destroying Hamas when in reality it may disrupt negotiations for hostage release and lead to a wider war. This is deceptive because the assassination of Arouri was not mentioned as having any impact on negotiations.
            • Fallacies (75%)
              The article contains several examples of logical fallacies. The author uses an appeal to authority by quoting a member of the Israeli government and a leader from Hezbollah without providing any context or analysis. This is not enough evidence to support their claims. Additionally, the author uses inflammatory rhetoric when describing some statements made in response to the assassination, such as Bezalel Smotrich's quote about Israelites perishing. The article also contains a dichotomous depiction of Hamas and Hezbollah by portraying them as both dangerous militant groups that pose a threat to Israeli security while also being victims of violence themselves.
              • The author quotes Danny Danon, a member of Parliament from the Likud party, who says “All those involved in the October massacre should know we’ll get to them, and we’ll settle the score.” This is an example of an appeal to authority fallacy as it presents Danon's statement without any context or analysis.
              • The author quotes Bezalel Smotrich, Israel's finance minister, who wrote on social media “So shall your enemies perish, Israel.” This is an example of inflammatory rhetoric as it uses extreme language to express a strong emotion.
              • The author describes Hamas and Hezbollah as both dangerous militant groups that pose a threat to Israeli security while also being victims of violence themselves. This creates a dichotomous depiction that oversimplifies the complexities of these organizations and their actions.
            • Bias (80%)
              The author has a clear bias towards Israel and its actions. The article portrays the assassination of Saleh al-Arouri as an important step in destroying Hamas, while also acknowledging that it may disrupt negotiations for hostage release. The author quotes Israeli politicians praising the attack and expressing satisfaction at seeing their enemies suffer. Additionally, the article presents a one-sided view of events by only including quotes from Israelis and not providing any counterbalancing perspectives.
              • Site Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                The author has a conflict of interest on the topic of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Likud party member Danny Danon as they are both mentioned in the article. The author also has a personal relationship with Ehud Olmert, who is mentioned in the article.
                • The author mentions Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu by name when discussing his role in negotiations with Hamas.
                • Author Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                  The author has a conflict of interest on the topics of Israelis and Hamas as they are political adversaries. The author also has a conflict of interest on the topic of Saleh al-Arouri as he is a member of Qassam Brigades, which is affiliated with Hamas.
                  • The article also states that Ehud Olmert, a former Israeli prime minister, is quoted saying that he believes the assassination would disrupt hostage talks. This further supports the idea that there may be conflicts of interest on this topic.
                    • The article mentions that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Likud party member Danny Danon are concerned about the assassination of Hamas Deputy Saleh al-Arouri. This suggests a conflict of interest between Israelis and Hamas, as they are political adversaries.

                    84%

                    • Unique Points
                      • Saleh al-Arouri was killed in a targeted attack by Israel on Tuesday night in the heart of Hezbollah's Beirut stronghold.
                      • Israel has not taken responsibility for the killings but it is considered highly likely that Tel Aviv ordered the assassination
                      • For decades, Israel has targeted Palestinian leaders in Lebanon, a stronghold of Hamas ally Hezbollah
                      • Ghassan Kanafani was one of Israel's first targets in Lebanon and was assassinated on July 8, 1972. A grenade had been connected to the ignition switch of his car which exploded when he started it
                      • Bassam Abu Sharif, who became spokesperson for PFLP after Kanafani's murder, was also targeted with a parcel bomb in Beirut on July 25, 1972. Abu Sharif survived the attempt but suffered severe injuries £ he partially lost his sight and hearing as well as four fingers
                      • On January 2, a drone strike in Beirut's southern suburbs left Saleh al-Arouri dead. Six others including high-ranking Hamas military commanders Samir Findi and Azzam al-Aqraa were also assassinated.
                      • Israel tried to assassinate Yasser Arafat on October 1, 1973 during a meeting in Beirut but bombs dropped on his building failed to detonate. Plans were made for years and several attempts were launched between June and August 1982 but none succeeded
                      • On January 22, 1979 Mossad agents executed an elaborate plot to assassinate Ali Hassan Salameh, a top PLO member believed to be the architect of the Munich kidnappings. Spies had enrolled at his gym and rented an apartment close to his home
                      • On December 9, 1988 Israel raided Palestinian bases in southern Lebanon targeting Ahmad Jibril but commandos were met with heavy resistance from Palestinian fighters
                      • Mahmoud al-Majzoub was assassinated on May 25, 2006 in the city of Sidon. A car bomb attached to his door exploded when he opened it and Israel denied responsibility for the attack but both Islamic Jihad and Hezbollah held Tel Aviv responsible
                    • Accuracy
                      • Israel has carried out an assassination within Lebanon
                    • Deception (90%)
                      The article provides a long history of Israel's assassination attempts in Lebanon. The examples provided are all instances where Israel has targeted Palestinian leaders and activists living in Lebanon. These attacks have been carried out over decades with varying degrees of success. While the article does not provide any direct evidence that these attacks were ordered by Tel Aviv, it is widely accepted that they were part of a larger Israeli strategy to eliminate its enemies outside its borders.
                      • 1973: Response to Munich kidnappings
                      • 2024: The war on Gaza
                      • 1988: Attempt to kill Ahmad Jibril
                      • 2006: Sidon assassination
                      • 1972: Aftermath of Lod Airport killings
                    • Fallacies (100%)
                      None Found At Time Of Publication
                    • Bias (100%)
                      None Found At Time Of Publication
                    • Site Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                      Al Jazeera has a history of reporting on Israeli assassination attempts in Lebanon. The article discusses the bombings in Beirut and other cities as well as the killings at Lod Airport and Munich. It also mentions Operation Spring of Youth, Yasser Arafat's assassination attempts, Ahmad Jibril's attempt to assassinate Kamal Nasser, Nidal al-Majzoub's role in the bombing of Sidon and Bassam Abu Sharif and Muhammad Youssef al-Najjar. The article also discusses Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir's decision not to retaliate after the assassination attempts.
                      • The article mentions Israel's role in the bombings of Beirut, Dahiyeh and Sidon as well as its involvement in the killings at Lod Airport and Munich. It also discusses Operation Spring of Youth, Yasser Arafat's assassination attempts, Ahmad Jibril's attempt to assassinate Kamal Nasser, Nidal al-Majzoub's role in the bombing of Sidon and Bassam Abu Sharif and Muhammad Youssef al-Najjar. The article also discusses Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir's decision not to retaliate after the assassination attempts.
                      • Author Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                        Al Jazeera has a history of reporting on Israeli assassination attempts in Lebanon. The article discusses the bombings in Beirut and other cities as well as the assassinations of key figures such as Kamal Nasser and Yasser Arafat.

                        70%

                        • Unique Points
                          • Israel has begun to draw down troops from Gaza for the first time after three months of full-scale military invasion leveling much of Strip and killing more than 22,000 people in pursuit of militants who planned and carried out an Oct. 7 attack on Israel.
                          • Washington has been placing pressure for months on Israel to pull back from what President Biden described as indiscriminate bombing and reduce the devastating civilian death toll.
                        • Accuracy
                          • Israel has killed a top militant leader and his lieutenants in Lebanon, marking a shift in its war effort against Hamas.
                          • Saleh al-Arouri was killed by Israel on October 29th.
                        • Deception (50%)
                          The article is deceptive in several ways. Firstly, it states that Israel has 'apparently made good on its threat' to target the heads of Hamas wherever they are. However, this statement is misleading as there have been no reports or evidence of any Israeli military action against Hamas leaders outside Gaza Strip. Secondly, the article quotes an anonymous Israeli official stating that Hezbollah leader Hasan Nasrallah would show restraint given that none of his officers were killed in the strike. This statement is also misleading as there have been reports and evidence of Israeli military action against Hezbollah targets outside Lebanon. Thirdly, the article quotes an anonymous Israeli official stating that Israel has pulled up to five brigades from the northern Gaza Strip, marking a potential shift from widespread bombing to more-targeted raids by troops based outside the enclave. This statement is also misleading as there have been reports and evidence of Israeli military action against Hamas targets in Gaza for months. Finally, the article quotes an anonymous Israeli official stating that Israel has killed a number of Hamas commanders and officials inside Gaza, yet Yehiya Sinwar, believed to be the mastermind of the Oct. 7 attack, and other top leaders are still at large. This statement is also misleading as there have been reports and evidence of Israeli military action against Hamas targets in Gaza for months.
                          • The article quotes an anonymous Israeli official stating that Hezbollah leader Hasan Nasrallah would show restraint given that none of his officers were killed in the strike. This statement is also misleading as there have been reports and evidence of Israeli military action against Hezbollah targets outside Lebanon.
                          • The article quotes an anonymous Israeli official stating that Israel has killed a number of Hamas commanders and officials inside Gaza, yet Yehiya Sinwar, believed to be the mastermind of the Oct. 7 attack, and other top leaders are still at large. This statement is also misleading as there have been reports and evidence of Israeli military action against Hamas targets in Gaza for months.
                          • The article quotes an anonymous Israeli official stating that Israel has pulled up to five brigades from the northern Gaza Strip, marking a potential shift from widespread bombing to more-targeted raids by troops based outside the enclave. This statement is also misleading as there have been reports and evidence of Israeli military action against Hamas targets in Gaza for months.
                          • The article states that Israel has 'apparently made good on its threat' to target the heads of Hamas wherever they are. However, this statement is misleading as there have been no reports or evidence of any Israeli military action against Hamas leaders outside Gaza Strip.
                        • Fallacies (85%)
                          The article contains an example of a fallacy known as 'appeals to authority'. The author cites the Israeli military's statement that they killed Saleh Arouri without providing any evidence or context. This is not enough to establish the truth and could be seen as an attempt to manipulate public opinion by presenting information from a source with no credibility.
                          • The Israeli military stated that they killed Saleh Arouri, but this statement alone does not provide any evidence or context.
                        • Bias (85%)
                          The article is biased towards Israel's actions in Gaza and Lebanon. The author uses language that dehumanizes Hamas and portrays them as a threat to Israel's security. The author also presents the Israeli perspective without providing any counter-perspective from Palestinians or other stakeholders.
                          • The article refers to Hamas as a
                          • Site Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                            The article discusses the assassination of Saleh Arouri in Lebanon and its potential impact on Israel's war effort against Hamas. The author also touches upon other topics related to the conflict between Israel and Hamas, including attacks by Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) on Gaza City, hostage exchange talks being derailed by the assassination, and anti-government protests in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.
                            • anti-government protests in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem amid pent-up anger at Netanyahu and his government
                              • hostage exchange talks being derailed by the assassination
                                • The article discusses the assassination of Saleh Arouri in Lebanon
                                  • The author touches upon other topics related to the conflict between Israel and Hamas, including attacks by Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) on Gaza City
                                  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                                    The author has multiple conflicts of interest on the topics provided. The article discusses attacks by Hamas militants in October 2021 and Israel's response to those attacks, including a full-scale military invasion of Gaza. The article also mentions Washington's pressure on Israel to reduce civilian death toll in Gaza and President Biden's description of indiscriminate bombing by Israel against Hamas militants and civilians alike. Additionally, the article discusses Hezbollah's response to an assassination of a former Hamas official who acted as a liaison with Iran and Hezbollah, as well as residents near the Israeli-Lebanese border preparing for possible attack by Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The author also mentions growing concerns about economic toll of war in Gaza and return of domestic political intrigue and protests. Furthermore, the article discusses Israel's military readiness for a two-front war against Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon.
                                    • The article discusses growing concerns about economic toll of war in Gaza and return of domestic political intrigue and protests. This is an example of a conflict of interest as it could be seen as a potential threat to Israel's economy or stability, which may compromise the author's ability to report objectively.
                                      • The author mentions attacks by Hamas militants on October 7th, which killed more than 22,000 people. This is an example of a conflict of interest as the article does not disclose any financial ties or personal relationships that may compromise the author's ability to report objectively.
                                        • The author mentions Hezbollah's response to an assassination in Lebanon, which could be seen as a potential threat to Israel. This is an example of a conflict of interest as the article does not disclose any financial ties or personal relationships that may compromise the author's ability to report objectively.
                                          • The author mentions residents near the Israeli-Lebanese border preparing for possible attack by Hezbollah antitank missiles. This is an example of a conflict of interest as it could be seen as a potential threat to Israel and its citizens, which may compromise the author's ability to report objectively.
                                            • The author mentions Washington's pressure on Israel to reduce civilian death toll in Gaza and President Biden's description of indiscriminate bombing by Israel against Hamas militants and civilians alike. This is an example of a conflict of interest as the article does not disclose any financial ties or personal relationships that may compromise the author's ability to report objectively.